Biomass-derived batteries represent a new generation of eco-conscious energy storage systems engineered from renewable carbon-rich resources such as lignocellulose, agricultural waste, and biopolymers. These batteries leverage the intrinsic functional groups, hierarchical porosity, and tunable surface chemistry of biomass-derived carbons to enable efficient ion transport, high surface area, and enhanced electrochemical activity. Current research focuses on optimizing carbon microstructure, improving redox-active biomass precursors, and developing sustainable synthesis routes with minimal environmental footprint. By coupling high performance with circular-economy principles, biomass-derived batteries offer a promising pathway toward safer, greener, and scalable energy-storage technologies.